Theoretical analysis of the radiation effect on the transient behavior of optoelectronic integrated devices

Theoretical analysis of the radiation effect on transient behavior of an optoelectronic integrated device composed of a heterojunction phototransistor and a light emitting diode is studied theoretically. First, the transient behavior and the rise time of this device before radiation are investigated based on the frequency response of the constituent devices and the optical feedback inside the device. Second, the effect of neutron irradiation flux on the transient behavior of this device is theoretically studied. The results show that, by increasing the optical feedback inside the device, the rise time in the amplification mode is increased along with an increasing output, while that in the switching mode can be reduced effectively, and the neutron irradiation reduces the transient response and the rise time in both the amplification and switching modes. This type of model can be exploited as optical amplifier, optical switching device, and other applications.     

Chitosan/Ce(IV) redox polymerization‐based amplification for detection of DNA point mutation

Polymerization‐based signal amplification, a technique developed for use in rapid diagnostic tests, hinges on the ability to localize initiators as a function of interfacial binding events. We report here a new DNA detection method in which polymer growth in redox‐polymerization is used as a means to amplify detection signals. The introduction of biotin‐labeled chitosan (biotin‐CS) with highly dense amino groups into the polymerization amplification as macromolecular reducing agent, beneficially simplifies amplification operation, as well as, provides a large amount of initiation points to improve the sensitivity of detection. DNA hybridization, SA and biotin binding reactions led to the attachment of CS on a solid surface where specific DNA sequences were located. With the addition of the mixture containing monomer AM, crosslinker PEGDA and oxidant CAN onto the CS location, the growth of polymer films was triggered to render the corresponding spots readily distinguishable to the naked eye. Direct visualization of 0.21 fmol target DNA molecules of interest was demonstrated. Non‐small cell lung cancer p53 sequence was further selected as a proof‐of‐principle to detect DNA point mutation. The proposed method exhibited an efficient amplification performance for molecule detection, and paved a new way for visual diagnosis of biomolecules. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016 , 54, 1929–1937     

Protein-Mediated Suppression of Rolling Circle Amplification for Biosensing with an Aptamer-Containing DNA Primer

We report a method to detect proteins via suppression of rolling circle amplification (RCA) by using an appropriate aptamer as the linear primer (denoted as an aptaprimer) to initiate RCA. In the absence of a protein target, the aptaprimer is free to initiate RCA, which can produce long DNA products that are detected via binding of a fluorescent intercalating dye. Introduction of a target causes the primer region within the aptamer to become unavailable for binding to the circular template, inhibiting RCA. Using SYBR Gold or QuantiFluor dyes as fluorescent probes to bind to the RCA reaction product, it is possible to produce a generic protein-modulated RCA assay system that does not require fluorophore- or biotin-modified DNA species, substantially reducing complexity and cost of reagents. Based on this modulation of RCA, we demonstrate the ability to produce both solution and paper-based assays for rapid and quantitative detection of proteins including platelet derived growth factor and thrombin.     

Mannose‐based graft polyesters with tunable binding affinity to concanavalin A

Glycopolymers have been widely used to understand the interactions between carbohydrates and lectins, which facilitate the diagnosis and detection of disease and pathogens as well as the development of vaccines. While studies have been focused on the correlation of glycopolymer structure and their binding to lectins, graft‐type glycopolyesters are uncommon. Herein, we report the design and synthesis of mannose‐based graft polyesters by “grafting‐from” method and investigate their interactions with Concanavalin A (Con A). As confirmed by ¹H NMR spectroscopy and sulfuric acid‐UV method, graft polyesters with different lengths of mannose graft were successfully synthesized. Our results from turbidimetry binding assay showed that graft polyesters with longer mannose graft exhibit higher initial binding rate (k_i). Isothermal titration calorimetry measurements of these graft polyesters with Con A showed that polymers exhibit higher binding affinity (k_a) with the number of side chain mannose. This study provides understanding of the interaction between Con A and mannose‐based graft polyesters, which can be employed for the development of glycopolymeric therapeutics. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017 , 55, 3908–3917     

Parameters optimization and phase analysis of decentered grating stretchers

A decentered grating stretcher for chirped pulse amplification systems is analyzed with oblique meridional ray tracing. Several formulae and conclusions are developed to design and optimize the stretcher. On basis of an analytical phase expression with an explicit significance, the expressions of the second-, third- and approximate fourth-order phases at the central wavelength are presented with only independent variables. These simplify the parameter design for this kind of stretcher and the phase compensation design of the whole amplifier system, which has been demonstrated with a practical example.     

聚多巴胺功能化的四氧化三钴纳米复合材料的制备及电催化性能

通过简单的自聚合反应在四氧化三钴表面包覆聚多巴胺膜,联合使用纳米铂和辣根过氧化物酶用于电催化还原过氧化氢。结果表明,聚多巴胺的使用增强后续纳米铂的负载量和辣根过氧化物酶的生物活性;四氧化三钴、纳米铂和辣根过氧化物酶的多重信号放大作用,大大增强了该复合材料的催化活性,提高了过氧化氢传感器的灵敏度。优化实验条件下,传感器对过氧化氢的检测范围为0.1~700 μmol·L^-1,检测限为0.08 μmol·L^-1。     

飞秒时间分辨荧光非共线光参量放大光谱技术

时间分辨荧光光谱技术是研究激发态弛豫、能量传递以及电荷转移等光化学过程的重要且直接的工具．飞秒时间分辨荧光非共线光参量放大光谱技术是一种新发展的具有高时间分辨率、宽探测带宽、高增益的时间分辨光谱技术．本文对该技术的基本原理与工作特性、系统配置、荧光收集和会聚、数据采集模式、时问分辨光谱数据处理等进行了系统阐述．最后简单介绍了飞秒时间分辨荧光非共线光参量放大光谱技术在物理、生物和化学领域的3个典型应用,并以此展现该技术的高时间分辨率、宽光谱探测及高增益优势．     

Selective collection and detection of MCF-7 breast cancer cells using aptamer-functionalized magnetic beads and quantum dots based nano-bio-probes

A novel strategy for selective collection and detection of breast cancer cells (MCF-7) based on aptamer–cell interaction was developed. Mucin 1 protein (MUC1) aptamer (Apt1) was covalently conjugated to magnetic beads to capture MCF-7 cell through affinity interaction between Apt1 and MUC1 protein that overexpressed on the surface of MCF-7 cells. Meanwhile, a nano-bio-probe was constructed by coupling of nucleolin aptamer AS1411 (Apt2) to CdTe quantum dots (QDs) which were homogeneously coated on the surfaces of monodispersed silica nanoparticles (SiO₂ NPs). The nano-bio-probe displayed similar optical and electrochemical performances to free CdTe QDs, and remained high affinity to nucleolin overexpressed cells through the interaction between AS1411 and nucleolin protein. Photoluminescence (PL) and square-wave voltammetric (SWV) assays were used to quantitatively detect MCF-7 cells. Improved selectivity was obtained by using these two aptamers together as recognition elements simultaneously, compared to using any single aptamer. Based on the signal amplification of QDs coated silica nanoparticles (QDs/SiO₂), the detection sensitivity was enhanced and a detection limit of 201 and 85 cells mL⁻¹ by PL and SWV method were achieved, respectively. The proposed strategy could be extended to detect other cells, and showed potential applications in cell imaging and drug delivery.